However, advances in radiation shielding material technology have produced two alternative materials, lead composite and lead-free radiation shielding. Historically, the attenuating qualities of lead made it “the element of choice” for radiation protection. Radiation shielding garments are commonly used to protect medical patients and workers from direct and secondary radiation during diagnostic imaging in hospitals, clinics and dental offices³. For the purpose of this post, we will focus on the three different types of materials used in manufacturing x-ray attenuating garments such as aprons, vests, and skirts. Lead shielding, often used in a variety of applications including diagnostic imaging, radiation therapy, nuclear and industrial shielding. Historically, radiation shielding materials have been manufactured from lead (Pb). “Those who use radiation must be adequately trained in radiation safety, radiation physics, the biologic effects of radiation, and injury prevention to ensure patient safety¹.” One of the three major principles of mitigating external radiation exposure is shielding, “Using absorber material such as Plexiglas for beta particles and lead for X-rays and gamma rays is an effective way to reduce radiation exposure ².” Radiation Shielding Materials Radiation use does, however, come with risks. “The use of radiation in diagnosing and treating patients has significantly advanced the field of medicine and saved or extended countless lives ¹.” Advances in technology and more sophisticated applications have improved standard treatments for the benefit of the patient. Radiation shielding materials are used for a variety of radiologic applications.
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